TA的每日心情 | 怒 2019-11-20 15:22 |
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签到天数: 2 天 [LV.1]初来乍到
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排列图的绘制
/ R4 C" Q# e" q绘图函数pareto- }: S. l$ U2 V( t
) R- |. Z1 Y1 z0 v% X: c用pareto绘图程序:; @& K+ {# \! U, w
7 n+ r' U- e7 ?+ \! q排列图
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! O- e: |6 A0 j( L$ e# E% s1 iY=[1 2 5 3.3 0.9 5.2];) Y. p" y/ e2 P2 s: r# K# t
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names={'一队' '二队' '三队' '四队' '五队' '六队'};1 _( E9 L" l3 \6 }/ R- l& ~' |( p3 K: c
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X=[1 2 3 4 5 6];
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4 a F2 l% s4 Gsubplot(211), H* n' z6 h& {5 s
6 j9 {# j6 j9 L8 E+ r! E, m- ppareto(Y,names)%x轴的下标标识为names9 h, e, B" P: ~1 n U( C7 {
$ |0 d$ T7 @6 \title('排列图示例一')
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subplot(212)
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8 w8 \ F/ a+ C$ w: ~1 }8 zpareto(Y,X)* z( D; f9 }7 f) g% X9 x& v& g
3 q8 Z5 u8 d1 _+ A! p: Y" Ztitle('排列图示例二')%x轴下标有x指定
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- S+ @" @( o3 j4 W5 ^运行结果: (y轴左侧是标注累积曲线的 )
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( ^% N! U2 E2 X6 ~$ A& r' {pareto(Y) labels each bar with its element index in Y and also plots a line displaying the cumulative sum of Y.! J- a" e; H$ C$ O
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用stem,stem3绘制柄状图! u( G" h$ Q" i3 n* _5 M5 V
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用stem绘图程序:! e4 K" O5 V- P( c! r3 v, k8 u
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二维柄状图
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8 u3 N. v8 u% k/ R+ wy=linspace(0,2*pi,10)6 d2 M8 H9 {2 ^8 R
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stem(cos(y),'fill','-.')%对离散图的末端进行了填充8 M+ s3 \5 {6 b0 o4 i2 q! H9 y
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title('二维柄状图示例');4 _6 {/ x P. M
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运行结果:! f5 {9 I, n! X J, I- e$ d
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阶梯图的绘制
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. b! _4 s$ a5 L" s9 g) M. C绘图函数stairs9 f; S- _. _6 P) j% r' l9 n' C' P
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使用stairs指令,可画出阶梯图,其精神和柄状图相近,只是将目前资料点的高度向右水平画至下一点为止。# d- J, L( [/ X+ \/ |6 J0 h
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用scatter,scatter3绘制散点图4 r7 d2 o* _* V6 k- ^ p1 k
( p+ m- ^; r1 w: E @散点图指令scatter3标志三维数据点,前三个输入宗量必须是同长的向量。
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: u9 P2 O$ T5 N$ J5 g用scatter绘图程序:
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二维散点图! a! Y: Q" \# @' v: s8 J
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x=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的x,y轴的坐标* a, Q& E* b/ o: T4 k
y=rand(1,100)*100;
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2 T8 G8 A/ R' K; v7 }c=rand(1,100)*255;%绘制图标的颜色7 ^$ W: ^) R; Y; }" E# q4 k
subplot(2,1,1)
2 k( E5 B* u" p2 Rscatter(x,y);%绘制具有默认大小与颜色的二维散点图6 L; I8 ^8 w" X* n* M8 c
title('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y)');
6 K5 m% \& y. Q0 ksubplot(2,1,2)
/ L+ f/ O9 c2 O& h2 J& g/ Xscatter(x,y,s,c);%绘制由参数s、c定义的二维散点图
1 j& U. w J! L2 O9 U5 _1 Ttitle('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y,s,c)');0 [9 N0 J; h0 y0 A8 W
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' x% L! W4 R3 h, Q4 Y3 ]5 U. hscatter(X,Y,S,C) displays colored circles at the locations specified by the vectors X and Y (which must be the same size).
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9 `- }; Q" n" w. N" T3 RS determines the area of each marker (specified in points^2). S can be a vector the same length as X and Y or a scalar. If S is a scalar, MATLAB draws all the markers the same size. If S is empty, the default size is used.
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C determines the color of each marker. When C is a vector the same length as X and Y, the values in C are linearly mapped to the colors in the current colormap. When C is a 1-by-3 matrix, it specifies the colors of the markers as RGB values. If you have 3 points in the scatter plot and wish to have the colors be indices into the colormap, C should be a 3-by-1 matrix. C can also be a color string (see ColorSpec for a list of color string specifiers).8 e p: r* B0 Z' p2 r* \! ?' p
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/ h9 L" I, v: e2 K+ j- G [x,y,z]=sphere(16);%获取球体的坐标
- k" f& q# j7 c- f# S( bX=x(:);
8 G; j2 ?: {& V5 D, g7 BY=y(:);
) i9 K3 D( p5 s& |Z=z(:);%矩阵的转换* F1 ^' O: t! x+ u
S=floor((abs(Z)+1)*50);
% A+ G* Z2 U- ?8 i, t1 JC=floor(abs(Z)*255);%定义图标大小和颜色与球体的纬度有关
$ }. {' _! _! ~8 m# Vscatter3(X,Y,Z,S,C,'filled')%绘制三维散点图,填充图标) }+ x2 { z) p/ Z0 S
title('三维散点图:球体示例')
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, ?+ L8 O J# m- G+ n! KB = floor(A) rounds the elements of A to the nearest integers less than or equal to A. For complex A, the imaginary and real parts are rounded independently.
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* M6 m1 T+ |8 X/ [! U" i用plotmatrix绘制矩阵的散点图
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指令 plotmatrix 有两种基本调用方式:
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(1)对于数据矩阵p*n 维的 X 和p*m 维的 Y ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X,Y) 将画出一个分割成m*n 个子散点图。其中第(i,j) 个子散点图是根据 Y 第i 列和 X 第j 列数据画出的。(2)对于数据矩阵 p*n维的 X ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X) 将画出分割成n*n 个子块的图。该图的对角块,画出的是 X 每列的数据的频数直方图;而其他子块是相应列构成的散点图。该指令可用来观察数据矩阵(或同一矩阵列向量)间的统计关系。( i& N8 @$ a$ v( \
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x=randn(50,3);
# W- s% w w! Hy=x*[-1 2 1;2 0 1;1 -2 3];%定义绘制矩阵值( P7 e4 p% x# U' @6 G
plotmatrix(y,'*b')
0 f. c' _. z$ U! m9 gtitle('绘制3×3散点图矩阵')& T" O- E" m9 p) b9 z6 }
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4 `5 R6 r+ m: P+ Y2 [; c& H9 {" O9 pplotmatrix(X,Y) scatter plots the columns of X against the columns of Y. If X is p-by-m and Y is p-by-n, plotmatrix produces an n-by-m matrix of axes.6 D7 K& @. z. @& p8 H" m7 _
, ]0 `$ H W# |) S: `/ gplotmatrix(X) is the same as plotmatrix(X,X), except that the diagonal is replaced by hist(X(:,i)).
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contour(Z):绘制矩阵Z的等高线图,其中Z为相对X-Y平面的高度,Z必须是至少2*2的矩阵且其中至少有两个不同的值。等高线的级数和各级等高线的数值是基于Z的最大和最小值之间自动选取的,X和Y的范围分别是[1:n]和[1:m], 其中[m,n] = size(Z)。( m% a/ Q$ a; ]7 ^7 y7 P: ?
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contour(Z,n):绘制矩阵Z的n级等高线图
, `, A+ p. P+ V[C,h] = contour(...) returns a contour matrix, C, derived from the matrix returned by the low-level contourc function, and a handle, h, to a contourgroup object. clabel uses the contour matrix C to create the labels.
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6 [0 D9 g7 U/ R4 h; B, `[X,Y]=meshgrid(-2:.2:2,-2:.2:3);%表面网格函数& k2 H n& j/ a2 C
Z=X.*exp(-X.^2-Y.^2);) C2 D p1 j$ ]8 {
[C,h]=contour(X,Y,Z,10);%绘制轮廓线& e5 u1 [3 x4 B+ X/ {' {# E$ }
clabel(C,h)%对轮廓线进行标注
8 G+ n) a* W$ {+ G: r+ v8 s# wtitle('二维轮廓图示例'). _ q+ r2 H: O3 Y& T) U8 ?% \
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