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$ u0 P( A3 E/ O; a; d0 y; o排列图的绘制
3 G1 V$ B" S2 _* r+ ~- M绘图函数pareto, j2 q# I, X# h$ A& a! r% l; i `3 q
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用pareto绘图程序:! O; @! J: @! Z- ?9 l4 b/ y$ Y
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排列图6 L( i) p/ ?- `7 }
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Y=[1 2 5 3.3 0.9 5.2];
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names={'一队' '二队' '三队' '四队' '五队' '六队'};. V6 F! v6 @) C6 B7 Q2 V
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X=[1 2 3 4 5 6];6 {( d( y- N4 f. q4 N8 n. r2 c
2 m/ n4 r( G* |7 `, q( asubplot(211)
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+ I8 E6 x0 l1 w8 P: c! N+ i+ {pareto(Y,names)%x轴的下标标识为names
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title('排列图示例一')
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( X8 \" x% J6 M7 I2 R5 _; t8 u( v6 }$ Osubplot(212)$ G4 q* T$ c: @4 Q: [) O) F
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pareto(Y,X)
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* `7 H. m' k0 G3 s& Mtitle('排列图示例二')%x轴下标有x指定( R r3 r( w; E2 Z6 i% Y4 M
4 |9 n8 i* n1 z" J# V9 ?" S运行结果: (y轴左侧是标注累积曲线的 )
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pareto(Y) labels each bar with its element index in Y and also plots a line displaying the cumulative sum of Y.
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用stem,stem3绘制柄状图
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$ A% {8 I; s/ j4 g. y, `用stem绘图程序:
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二维柄状图
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y=linspace(0,2*pi,10)
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& X* y5 w" t6 Nstem(cos(y),'fill','-.')%对离散图的末端进行了填充# o2 A/ |8 x$ J
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title('二维柄状图示例');
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运行结果:
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& X5 p* I* U! u4 I7 \# F# N) R阶梯图的绘制
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绘图函数stairs( Z w) U' ]0 l) _
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; _2 L. E0 W" A# ?4 g5 u* e0 O) z使用stairs指令,可画出阶梯图,其精神和柄状图相近,只是将目前资料点的高度向右水平画至下一点为止。
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用scatter,scatter3绘制散点图
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* A4 j5 I8 s% t: ]; n( M散点图指令scatter3标志三维数据点,前三个输入宗量必须是同长的向量。) i5 r7 Y% {" ~2 H: k3 a- T
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用scatter绘图程序:
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6 O! V# Z/ O+ K4 Q9 F9 d0 M二维散点图
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: O A' q0 \% D+ {- v: Ux=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的x,y轴的坐标
: P" R+ k' [' U& r. ?3 I+ \y=rand(1,100)*100;
1 {4 c: f d" r" _s=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的大小0 z5 k7 m3 v1 T: V
c=rand(1,100)*255;%绘制图标的颜色% p) ?/ a" k$ N7 N9 Y1 y6 O: ]7 y
subplot(2,1,1)) h$ H- G2 ?; [" R- G6 c
scatter(x,y);%绘制具有默认大小与颜色的二维散点图$ o" Q2 T$ C5 ]: ?8 @
title('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y)');
+ C9 M3 K6 |7 ]/ P$ u }0 i3 Z) w( |3 Vsubplot(2,1,2)" U$ H$ O. k% {* I1 [
scatter(x,y,s,c);%绘制由参数s、c定义的二维散点图2 _0 r$ S Q/ G3 `) z( ~1 i
title('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y,s,c)');. k# v. @. C2 z, w3 ~+ ]
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# X2 @; o8 K* C5 I& c" _2 sscatter(X,Y,S,C) displays colored circles at the locations specified by the vectors X and Y (which must be the same size).
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7 M- Y/ o9 n" M/ uS determines the area of each marker (specified in points^2). S can be a vector the same length as X and Y or a scalar. If S is a scalar, MATLAB draws all the markers the same size. If S is empty, the default size is used.( M7 h+ G) X2 s
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C determines the color of each marker. When C is a vector the same length as X and Y, the values in C are linearly mapped to the colors in the current colormap. When C is a 1-by-3 matrix, it specifies the colors of the markers as RGB values. If you have 3 points in the scatter plot and wish to have the colors be indices into the colormap, C should be a 3-by-1 matrix. C can also be a color string (see ColorSpec for a list of color string specifiers).$ a# U2 r& {& e8 D; F
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" W3 h7 f/ N+ J( A8 |2 z [x,y,z]=sphere(16);%获取球体的坐标
) c- _9 a* m6 P0 U; A$ QX=x(:);$ X3 L+ p8 a t* ~3 n
Y=y(:);5 n& w! b) P2 n: {: Z8 {' U
Z=z(:);%矩阵的转换
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C=floor(abs(Z)*255);%定义图标大小和颜色与球体的纬度有关
" _# k- A$ y0 K3 hscatter3(X,Y,Z,S,C,'filled')%绘制三维散点图,填充图标
' K+ ^5 p, `4 k W }7 o" Rtitle('三维散点图:球体示例')5 v! V# n' v# d" z
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# y- l* R' o# y. x {B = floor(A) rounds the elements of A to the nearest integers less than or equal to A. For complex A, the imaginary and real parts are rounded independently.1 l+ ]1 z7 R3 V3 [5 D& k
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: G% n3 m5 i1 P! {6 U用plotmatrix绘制矩阵的散点图
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( C* J- Y( k K5 V指令 plotmatrix 有两种基本调用方式:
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(1)对于数据矩阵p*n 维的 X 和p*m 维的 Y ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X,Y) 将画出一个分割成m*n 个子散点图。其中第(i,j) 个子散点图是根据 Y 第i 列和 X 第j 列数据画出的。(2)对于数据矩阵 p*n维的 X ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X) 将画出分割成n*n 个子块的图。该图的对角块,画出的是 X 每列的数据的频数直方图;而其他子块是相应列构成的散点图。该指令可用来观察数据矩阵(或同一矩阵列向量)间的统计关系。& M- F8 X% W6 {( q
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x=randn(50,3);
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plotmatrix(y,'*b')+ r6 Q: v9 Z) |4 ?& ?, g8 _4 ~- R: o
title('绘制3×3散点图矩阵')
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plotmatrix(X,Y) scatter plots the columns of X against the columns of Y. If X is p-by-m and Y is p-by-n, plotmatrix produces an n-by-m matrix of axes.0 a4 \" h8 d3 D" g
. O5 w6 u4 I# S8 `* Iplotmatrix(X) is the same as plotmatrix(X,X), except that the diagonal is replaced by hist(X(:,i)).' N$ w5 V6 H: {& q+ n3 h3 P
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' ^( K* y$ V" [) Scontour(Z):绘制矩阵Z的等高线图,其中Z为相对X-Y平面的高度,Z必须是至少2*2的矩阵且其中至少有两个不同的值。等高线的级数和各级等高线的数值是基于Z的最大和最小值之间自动选取的,X和Y的范围分别是[1:n]和[1:m], 其中[m,n] = size(Z)。4 G A1 Q5 {( \' j
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contour(Z,n):绘制矩阵Z的n级等高线图
+ \5 J) @* y' Z7 z[C,h] = contour(...) returns a contour matrix, C, derived from the matrix returned by the low-level contourc function, and a handle, h, to a contourgroup object. clabel uses the contour matrix C to create the labels.
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; h! v% u0 {& [# ?" P' Z[X,Y]=meshgrid(-2:.2:2,-2:.2:3);%表面网格函数8 N. Q' [& g2 T7 p
Z=X.*exp(-X.^2-Y.^2);! ?' y) a/ q( W; e
[C,h]=contour(X,Y,Z,10);%绘制轮廓线0 n, K3 g S5 x% B
clabel(C,h)%对轮廓线进行标注9 S ], ~# \. y& y( }
title('二维轮廓图示例')
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