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签到天数: 2 天 [LV.1]初来乍到
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2 F. m/ O+ ]; T ~ ]排列图的绘制
( E2 t7 b. Y$ o$ F9 v& ?# P绘图函数pareto
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2 Z1 j! c4 R8 J/ [' j/ g用pareto绘图程序:# Q6 f" h. h: {. {
+ P. x4 ?; O2 I# n% S排列图- _9 D$ o" Q3 q
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names={'一队' '二队' '三队' '四队' '五队' '六队'};
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. v( h/ B' C0 @: {X=[1 2 3 4 5 6];: r" D% c. O1 S( D M H" q
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subplot(211), J& z, ]9 j5 q
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pareto(Y,names)%x轴的下标标识为names
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title('排列图示例一')3 v; X5 H( ^% I, ~# t% O- H
9 P7 n9 [8 V/ Z0 nsubplot(212)
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pareto(Y,X)
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3 d! R1 I. g& ~2 {& ptitle('排列图示例二')%x轴下标有x指定
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0 s) j' l/ @* c0 h% f, K6 a运行结果: (y轴左侧是标注累积曲线的 )- Q; f5 {. u1 C" Z/ v' \
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0 M E0 [& Z0 E* T7 M( A7 S/ I1 hpareto(Y) labels each bar with its element index in Y and also plots a line displaying the cumulative sum of Y./ |8 z( _! `4 E3 r- z$ t! X5 c9 X
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# z% j9 P" I/ u4 V2 Y5 i用stem,stem3绘制柄状图
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用stem绘图程序:5 P, }& D& y1 Z, y7 }! u
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二维柄状图2 X, @1 S8 U9 @/ _1 |
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y=linspace(0,2*pi,10). L& i; Y; }4 D7 t2 ?- r/ ]) G4 m
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stem(cos(y),'fill','-.')%对离散图的末端进行了填充3 w5 j* ]; W3 H. i& u7 q% O
; L5 w8 c$ \ F' Ktitle('二维柄状图示例');) S1 }+ A( P; G
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运行结果:: f+ R3 U8 c% Z. o3 u Q/ Q
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阶梯图的绘制
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% @4 Y# N- |. Y; L/ |+ p& I$ t绘图函数stairs
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使用stairs指令,可画出阶梯图,其精神和柄状图相近,只是将目前资料点的高度向右水平画至下一点为止。
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用scatter,scatter3绘制散点图9 b8 `, h6 W0 I2 B" Q
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散点图指令scatter3标志三维数据点,前三个输入宗量必须是同长的向量。! e( v q% d# }" e! o$ {
' E) t; m, \% N/ G' a用scatter绘图程序:
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4 X. M, e1 h. Q二维散点图
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' i' f0 U+ j! G0 J% Qx=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的x,y轴的坐标
& L8 X3 _$ P8 }y=rand(1,100)*100;
( w- T% b _& ss=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的大小, z( w# t1 ~* s# q: N8 E! \
c=rand(1,100)*255;%绘制图标的颜色
5 z! ?: g7 F3 T/ p: ^2 ?/ j, @subplot(2,1,1)
5 q, N$ v# d5 U% tscatter(x,y);%绘制具有默认大小与颜色的二维散点图* A* H; c& J* N# [
title('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y)');
% v. k/ r- q' b; gsubplot(2,1,2)
, `6 b, q7 y# v5 }, }scatter(x,y,s,c);%绘制由参数s、c定义的二维散点图7 c+ d% g; Q6 v3 R
title('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y,s,c)');
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scatter(X,Y,S,C) displays colored circles at the locations specified by the vectors X and Y (which must be the same size).! {! R" q; T% Z% Z
; Q4 U# Y1 L( k5 S7 \S determines the area of each marker (specified in points^2). S can be a vector the same length as X and Y or a scalar. If S is a scalar, MATLAB draws all the markers the same size. If S is empty, the default size is used. s/ x# d7 S! m
& D$ ?. h1 y% g x, D0 d7 }8 Z, P$ JC determines the color of each marker. When C is a vector the same length as X and Y, the values in C are linearly mapped to the colors in the current colormap. When C is a 1-by-3 matrix, it specifies the colors of the markers as RGB values. If you have 3 points in the scatter plot and wish to have the colors be indices into the colormap, C should be a 3-by-1 matrix. C can also be a color string (see ColorSpec for a list of color string specifiers).
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[x,y,z]=sphere(16);%获取球体的坐标0 c) u& c' U3 d
X=x(:);
$ }! o) W# s" r. qY=y(:);( x8 g3 u6 g7 \* }& }. Q6 ?9 J
Z=z(:);%矩阵的转换
, j0 y& ?7 m, W& O* bS=floor((abs(Z)+1)*50);
3 @% S- k3 ?6 nC=floor(abs(Z)*255);%定义图标大小和颜色与球体的纬度有关
' r, i, s( l7 [scatter3(X,Y,Z,S,C,'filled')%绘制三维散点图,填充图标
# F- M4 F. d) ntitle('三维散点图:球体示例')
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& Q+ ]' e- U. o" jB = floor(A) rounds the elements of A to the nearest integers less than or equal to A. For complex A, the imaginary and real parts are rounded independently.' T' k$ U9 r8 w8 o
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用plotmatrix绘制矩阵的散点图% n+ Q8 X, q& j& t0 {
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指令 plotmatrix 有两种基本调用方式:
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3 T4 Z) {9 H6 J& ]$ e(1)对于数据矩阵p*n 维的 X 和p*m 维的 Y ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X,Y) 将画出一个分割成m*n 个子散点图。其中第(i,j) 个子散点图是根据 Y 第i 列和 X 第j 列数据画出的。(2)对于数据矩阵 p*n维的 X ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X) 将画出分割成n*n 个子块的图。该图的对角块,画出的是 X 每列的数据的频数直方图;而其他子块是相应列构成的散点图。该指令可用来观察数据矩阵(或同一矩阵列向量)间的统计关系。/ H* i3 F7 `9 c; K0 I1 L7 q
1 u9 }# E, `6 O" Jx=randn(50,3);7 Q1 k4 @4 _6 z( f( W
y=x*[-1 2 1;2 0 1;1 -2 3];%定义绘制矩阵值
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# ^+ t6 t G C8 e! `: gtitle('绘制3×3散点图矩阵')
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+ C3 K6 f5 D, L* R& f+ eplotmatrix(X,Y) scatter plots the columns of X against the columns of Y. If X is p-by-m and Y is p-by-n, plotmatrix produces an n-by-m matrix of axes.
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plotmatrix(X) is the same as plotmatrix(X,X), except that the diagonal is replaced by hist(X(:,i)).
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contour(Z):绘制矩阵Z的等高线图,其中Z为相对X-Y平面的高度,Z必须是至少2*2的矩阵且其中至少有两个不同的值。等高线的级数和各级等高线的数值是基于Z的最大和最小值之间自动选取的,X和Y的范围分别是[1:n]和[1:m], 其中[m,n] = size(Z)。, x+ m% `2 Z+ K, B5 m: g
. @/ H) g8 k* e# R% a% V2 V, N1 Ocontour(Z,n):绘制矩阵Z的n级等高线图
: u* U7 |2 Y V1 m8 G: S7 F/ O[C,h] = contour(...) returns a contour matrix, C, derived from the matrix returned by the low-level contourc function, and a handle, h, to a contourgroup object. clabel uses the contour matrix C to create the labels.
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% n1 Z; x/ ~, W; O[X,Y]=meshgrid(-2:.2:2,-2:.2:3);%表面网格函数$ M- T5 l v# V, }9 e/ A
Z=X.*exp(-X.^2-Y.^2);' E9 A/ }" y n6 G7 S$ |; f6 e5 e7 l
[C,h]=contour(X,Y,Z,10);%绘制轮廓线 V! p8 O9 V( i2 z: L
clabel(C,h)%对轮廓线进行标注
' |' N9 ^% J- y8 s$ i4 Ftitle('二维轮廓图示例')
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