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签到天数: 2 天 [LV.1]初来乍到
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排列图的绘制/ H4 _! T k& t: m2 V. l7 j
绘图函数pareto
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8 R3 k2 V, E' w: X {5 G: v用pareto绘图程序:
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排列图
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( g9 R9 w1 \0 [Y=[1 2 5 3.3 0.9 5.2];
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names={'一队' '二队' '三队' '四队' '五队' '六队'};# e7 i. {$ w1 a. }& b' k- r$ u
, h% g5 T- f1 v7 H8 nX=[1 2 3 4 5 6];
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subplot(211)
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pareto(Y,names)%x轴的下标标识为names" S" ?5 ~/ p6 g! n
! v- h! {+ c& I* \9 E' M/ ~title('排列图示例一')
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subplot(212)
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* t3 o. M, x2 s7 c: ?pareto(Y,X)
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: W9 M( |, @' [0 ^7 ^% }title('排列图示例二')%x轴下标有x指定) B7 \& ?2 n! c) I* {* G3 R+ ^+ H
0 n; r: @$ a5 {: J0 t运行结果: (y轴左侧是标注累积曲线的 )
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pareto(Y) labels each bar with its element index in Y and also plots a line displaying the cumulative sum of Y./ O5 K3 T0 F. e8 z3 q) D
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3 k2 Z' V5 A2 N F用stem,stem3绘制柄状图
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5 ?# l1 U, o; e) b% J2 X4 L6 {0 {用stem绘图程序:
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q* d4 R* w3 |0 S/ R二维柄状图7 s1 i r- w7 w# q5 P, r
9 ]1 _: \& M: {y=linspace(0,2*pi,10)+ }; e2 o2 l' v, Q' a/ v* ^( Z7 _
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stem(cos(y),'fill','-.')%对离散图的末端进行了填充6 l( f+ l& F) A: ^: z. ?" j4 R
! o2 |3 f* F7 x6 J+ ~# R6 atitle('二维柄状图示例');& L0 w. J# I+ F G% g" Y
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运行结果:5 m+ F4 m$ _; m; r( n H+ u
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2 c$ k( {& x2 z- a* b阶梯图的绘制! B2 G: m2 ]/ m5 c( T0 `9 _) l+ B4 R1 T
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绘图函数stairs2 V# l! I, E" y
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1 m" M- ?8 N V/ w& s x$ }使用stairs指令,可画出阶梯图,其精神和柄状图相近,只是将目前资料点的高度向右水平画至下一点为止。& @! p! f3 i" L
) F$ `/ F0 v1 X$ q; m* s0 X2 v; N) G+ K用scatter,scatter3绘制散点图# y( x% W; C/ ^7 _2 u
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散点图指令scatter3标志三维数据点,前三个输入宗量必须是同长的向量。( X! u6 G7 c I4 l' D8 |# x
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用scatter绘图程序:; X) y) X+ ^& o& l5 o
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二维散点图/ A8 m9 x7 G& E: g
0 P9 x3 V. O' f$ qx=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的x,y轴的坐标
( J' L C# O: A% Z( U+ Ly=rand(1,100)*100;& @* v6 ^$ A, p/ I# @$ Y& A
s=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的大小
0 h/ Q- C- A% T( l9 W' l0 t$ Wc=rand(1,100)*255;%绘制图标的颜色
8 ?9 p% u2 W3 D' dsubplot(2,1,1)
+ e w0 A# o7 r8 J5 lscatter(x,y);%绘制具有默认大小与颜色的二维散点图
2 N+ \! B7 K; H( x: t0 ztitle('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y)');
) ]. N* u7 {' N9 F# A, V: O2 esubplot(2,1,2). `2 A' Y' c, m% w" N; Q2 x
scatter(x,y,s,c);%绘制由参数s、c定义的二维散点图3 p" M2 I3 \0 D& @
title('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y,s,c)');$ c' i% d; k o/ F- v. o4 ]
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) a* r: Q0 t4 J0 d+ pscatter(X,Y,S,C) displays colored circles at the locations specified by the vectors X and Y (which must be the same size).- ^/ ]# @4 w! y) h* v
+ N7 k1 b" n. X+ B$ yS determines the area of each marker (specified in points^2). S can be a vector the same length as X and Y or a scalar. If S is a scalar, MATLAB draws all the markers the same size. If S is empty, the default size is used.( e4 U2 {; v( y1 t; K( v4 b
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C determines the color of each marker. When C is a vector the same length as X and Y, the values in C are linearly mapped to the colors in the current colormap. When C is a 1-by-3 matrix, it specifies the colors of the markers as RGB values. If you have 3 points in the scatter plot and wish to have the colors be indices into the colormap, C should be a 3-by-1 matrix. C can also be a color string (see ColorSpec for a list of color string specifiers).
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[x,y,z]=sphere(16);%获取球体的坐标( ]: V; G1 |9 O. z5 }
X=x(:);
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Z=z(:);%矩阵的转换/ e# k/ w# ~! ]6 |% X S; n: a
S=floor((abs(Z)+1)*50);
, Q: c' T, K2 HC=floor(abs(Z)*255);%定义图标大小和颜色与球体的纬度有关
1 u- I% w) Y5 Zscatter3(X,Y,Z,S,C,'filled')%绘制三维散点图,填充图标
6 H! c" Z S2 C+ Z. Q" H3 o: E' {title('三维散点图:球体示例')
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B = floor(A) rounds the elements of A to the nearest integers less than or equal to A. For complex A, the imaginary and real parts are rounded independently.
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. l9 ~) F" C5 w, U+ k, p7 F4 M/ L0 i1 R用plotmatrix绘制矩阵的散点图/ M& \8 [1 h% @
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指令 plotmatrix 有两种基本调用方式:( g9 u1 S) A2 e9 {" L# {4 z' v ]$ j! {
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(1)对于数据矩阵p*n 维的 X 和p*m 维的 Y ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X,Y) 将画出一个分割成m*n 个子散点图。其中第(i,j) 个子散点图是根据 Y 第i 列和 X 第j 列数据画出的。(2)对于数据矩阵 p*n维的 X ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X) 将画出分割成n*n 个子块的图。该图的对角块,画出的是 X 每列的数据的频数直方图;而其他子块是相应列构成的散点图。该指令可用来观察数据矩阵(或同一矩阵列向量)间的统计关系。* ^' r3 q( x2 M0 s+ f
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1 T1 q" G+ c: d1 v" e; ly=x*[-1 2 1;2 0 1;1 -2 3];%定义绘制矩阵值! D( r. j+ |3 c% y8 v' ^
plotmatrix(y,'*b')
0 e' \3 s) E" stitle('绘制3×3散点图矩阵')! |& N# i2 F9 W; L
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plotmatrix(X,Y) scatter plots the columns of X against the columns of Y. If X is p-by-m and Y is p-by-n, plotmatrix produces an n-by-m matrix of axes.1 }: F, S) M3 r2 k& J5 K+ C
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plotmatrix(X) is the same as plotmatrix(X,X), except that the diagonal is replaced by hist(X(:,i)).
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. @% V3 j: m2 O* l9 E! O4 U( @contour(Z):绘制矩阵Z的等高线图,其中Z为相对X-Y平面的高度,Z必须是至少2*2的矩阵且其中至少有两个不同的值。等高线的级数和各级等高线的数值是基于Z的最大和最小值之间自动选取的,X和Y的范围分别是[1:n]和[1:m], 其中[m,n] = size(Z)。: a! }) k) N- ^5 x2 @4 N* e9 }8 H& u
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contour(Z,n):绘制矩阵Z的n级等高线图6 s: g: w/ S6 e3 i7 p4 V0 ]2 p; q0 c
[C,h] = contour(...) returns a contour matrix, C, derived from the matrix returned by the low-level contourc function, and a handle, h, to a contourgroup object. clabel uses the contour matrix C to create the labels.
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[X,Y]=meshgrid(-2:.2:2,-2:.2:3);%表面网格函数
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[C,h]=contour(X,Y,Z,10);%绘制轮廓线
: M- i; T* `6 _1 P8 ?clabel(C,h)%对轮廓线进行标注& a1 c1 M) ] x+ L
title('二维轮廓图示例')
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