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签到天数: 2 天 [LV.1]初来乍到
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" S6 ~7 H, G3 y; g; {. g9 ]3 c排列图的绘制
- l/ o3 I8 _* t# K绘图函数pareto5 n C [% O/ | _0 f
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用pareto绘图程序:
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排列图+ d4 i7 g* E" V! k+ P0 p8 p5 C& j* a
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Y=[1 2 5 3.3 0.9 5.2];/ @7 K8 e3 F; _
/ ]( l9 J$ T2 E' G0 T9 c2 znames={'一队' '二队' '三队' '四队' '五队' '六队'};
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9 j+ N) R6 @3 f3 w+ p2 gX=[1 2 3 4 5 6];
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3 c$ p( D. s3 j; s& k: usubplot(211)
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, o/ m% {* q2 E6 X# B. v5 xpareto(Y,names)%x轴的下标标识为names
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K I4 K8 ^* [* ~+ f6 V2 Ltitle('排列图示例一'). n: x. o" m+ X5 x! t
# K6 d! v. n1 H) p3 Y: M2 _subplot(212)& C; g3 J+ ~3 A, D2 z }' T- O) X
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pareto(Y,X)' T/ ?( e7 p8 q: T. h; C
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title('排列图示例二')%x轴下标有x指定# i( u3 \* l0 h( O; y3 Q
' s7 w; M& U( I2 ]0 A2 R运行结果: (y轴左侧是标注累积曲线的 )
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% w- x& [, ~, O; J% B! V: n8 }pareto(Y) labels each bar with its element index in Y and also plots a line displaying the cumulative sum of Y.- t" u; j( g; n+ f. W2 T$ b
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用stem,stem3绘制柄状图
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用stem绘图程序:
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, u8 j# |0 t5 D& p+ O* ?& {二维柄状图( }" E+ J) `. W9 m- i; ?* x
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y=linspace(0,2*pi,10)* t- I/ l0 U* J
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stem(cos(y),'fill','-.')%对离散图的末端进行了填充
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title('二维柄状图示例');1 s, a+ a3 a$ K" r9 b# t8 ~3 z
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运行结果:
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阶梯图的绘制! [" B# E% s! i3 D6 U( }
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绘图函数stairs
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9 ^/ W7 d& G; ?7 L% u: ]; `使用stairs指令,可画出阶梯图,其精神和柄状图相近,只是将目前资料点的高度向右水平画至下一点为止。; V% x. X& p- b2 }# j
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用scatter,scatter3绘制散点图
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. H+ N- \) A+ k& V% S散点图指令scatter3标志三维数据点,前三个输入宗量必须是同长的向量。3 B) Y5 ]1 ~/ } t; v
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用scatter绘图程序:
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二维散点图, A% A+ P2 x8 e6 z) ~/ U
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x=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的x,y轴的坐标
+ |8 R- G l* h& ]- ^y=rand(1,100)*100;# m) q6 ?1 X! s4 h% A
s=rand(1,100)*100;%绘制图标的大小- x6 m" r8 |' U) r0 }7 a
c=rand(1,100)*255;%绘制图标的颜色7 \% X) [6 Y0 m1 \- z! D) t
subplot(2,1,1)
1 D' u4 s8 j- T' H- tscatter(x,y);%绘制具有默认大小与颜色的二维散点图
- W0 G* L7 ]" V% J. {% r5 Z: s1 _: a( Utitle('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y)');; S- F7 C# z% F S: X$ L1 B5 D$ }* t1 ~
subplot(2,1,2)! Z9 Y7 }: Y" F" u: F9 z
scatter(x,y,s,c);%绘制由参数s、c定义的二维散点图
' }* B; Q/ ~$ Otitle('二维散点图指令scatter(x,y,s,c)');
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- [4 F" w- }' m- C$ fscatter(X,Y,S,C) displays colored circles at the locations specified by the vectors X and Y (which must be the same size).
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S determines the area of each marker (specified in points^2). S can be a vector the same length as X and Y or a scalar. If S is a scalar, MATLAB draws all the markers the same size. If S is empty, the default size is used.6 O( g0 S/ i/ n& y
( K; j) T8 L8 n% c2 V7 ^C determines the color of each marker. When C is a vector the same length as X and Y, the values in C are linearly mapped to the colors in the current colormap. When C is a 1-by-3 matrix, it specifies the colors of the markers as RGB values. If you have 3 points in the scatter plot and wish to have the colors be indices into the colormap, C should be a 3-by-1 matrix. C can also be a color string (see ColorSpec for a list of color string specifiers).
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[x,y,z]=sphere(16);%获取球体的坐标
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Y=y(:);/ e i: o. Q- e; Z% u) {' k
Z=z(:);%矩阵的转换
# C3 ]* J3 |; O: w$ `' q: D$ US=floor((abs(Z)+1)*50);
1 X7 n* p8 w$ c7 n8 j0 oC=floor(abs(Z)*255);%定义图标大小和颜色与球体的纬度有关6 W$ K( G$ O; o* M7 D
scatter3(X,Y,Z,S,C,'filled')%绘制三维散点图,填充图标
) r- I& @' B6 V7 Ttitle('三维散点图:球体示例')
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0 ^$ F0 u c7 I B. ~( j* PB = floor(A) rounds the elements of A to the nearest integers less than or equal to A. For complex A, the imaginary and real parts are rounded independently.6 ?! }0 e9 t# W1 K# d7 q* i
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用plotmatrix绘制矩阵的散点图
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! ~' B# @2 J' E3 I8 n4 q指令 plotmatrix 有两种基本调用方式:
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/ e3 G5 K5 c) _3 \' q(1)对于数据矩阵p*n 维的 X 和p*m 维的 Y ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X,Y) 将画出一个分割成m*n 个子散点图。其中第(i,j) 个子散点图是根据 Y 第i 列和 X 第j 列数据画出的。(2)对于数据矩阵 p*n维的 X ,调用格式 plotmatrix(X) 将画出分割成n*n 个子块的图。该图的对角块,画出的是 X 每列的数据的频数直方图;而其他子块是相应列构成的散点图。该指令可用来观察数据矩阵(或同一矩阵列向量)间的统计关系。4 p( ^, t: y" c1 Z" K$ x* F+ y9 S# ^
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x=randn(50,3);
/ M; ]7 {8 m$ `1 X1 cy=x*[-1 2 1;2 0 1;1 -2 3];%定义绘制矩阵值
( H4 s3 f0 G/ }; z/ p8 ?! Eplotmatrix(y,'*b')
5 u _( ?* [7 Q8 @title('绘制3×3散点图矩阵')
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: t& W( a. Q3 [8 e: fplotmatrix(X,Y) scatter plots the columns of X against the columns of Y. If X is p-by-m and Y is p-by-n, plotmatrix produces an n-by-m matrix of axes.
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plotmatrix(X) is the same as plotmatrix(X,X), except that the diagonal is replaced by hist(X(:,i)).2 l5 [" F7 _5 G/ N
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* d+ v4 `+ S7 I( O# g6 Wcontour(Z):绘制矩阵Z的等高线图,其中Z为相对X-Y平面的高度,Z必须是至少2*2的矩阵且其中至少有两个不同的值。等高线的级数和各级等高线的数值是基于Z的最大和最小值之间自动选取的,X和Y的范围分别是[1:n]和[1:m], 其中[m,n] = size(Z)。
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7 l, r' o' r9 Q" @& c5 a& `9 s0 G; acontour(Z,n):绘制矩阵Z的n级等高线图
6 f7 m+ G" }/ w2 e$ v. y[C,h] = contour(...) returns a contour matrix, C, derived from the matrix returned by the low-level contourc function, and a handle, h, to a contourgroup object. clabel uses the contour matrix C to create the labels.$ X# a9 x& |/ p
6 P% o0 W$ x& j3 ^2 s( j[X,Y]=meshgrid(-2:.2:2,-2:.2:3);%表面网格函数$ ]/ @1 O q! Q. v
Z=X.*exp(-X.^2-Y.^2);+ V2 Y# }0 I* G, y: a. U
[C,h]=contour(X,Y,Z,10);%绘制轮廓线3 \# y6 D2 w; l9 I# j
clabel(C,h)%对轮廓线进行标注
0 r' i. A9 v% U: Vtitle('二维轮廓图示例')
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