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Building Embedded Linux Systems 3 P1 V" V. q/ ~ R s$ y4 M
By Karim Yaghmour " O5 t- j0 F5 @( t
/ }' d/ Z) Q- N; T
Publisher : O'Reilly # H) U( h* f# m1 t6 e7 W+ q5 \
Pub Date : April 2003
/ H4 S$ K7 m: V# l, O% l2 bISBN : 0-596-00222-X 7 }3 ?8 }) T. p- g/ k1 _) ?
Pages : 416 3 a g1 M- ]5 \, D7 \
Slots : 1 3 D3 h# L2 i6 W
. c. F9 w; \7 t7 j# q; f2 L. T
% M/ X4 a* i+ m1 X- v- q7 s$ o8 u Copyright ! x+ C P+ c( @, v- k7 u
Dedication
( y5 B% t! L4 f7 H1 g+ g Preface
# N6 W/ O! ]1 D Audience of This Book
% I6 C4 e. K- u1 n7 ` Scope and Background Information % h' L C7 `# k5 k* C# b8 z& \
Organization of the Material
0 P2 q3 x/ R) ~" a; o Hardware Used in This Book
: Y& O8 K- T9 h/ s, d& `+ S( u1 p# \ Software Versions 4 ~- @; T' J% [" q
Book Web Site 1 A( K. w/ z b4 O8 ]+ X
Typographical Conventions
L( a; L: i5 L9 ~3 ^8 { Contact Information
' Y6 h( X7 m3 C+ V; U Acknowledgments * n1 @5 }7 R5 t! ]/ A5 D
7 s. L' o; q/ H3 R9 z; V9 J" p Chapter 1. Introduction 5 x; O$ e% `4 R3 K, y) K
Section 1.1. Definitions
7 W) B: K+ p T# a Section 1.2. Real Life and Embedded Linux Systems
/ Z! H, }+ B" x. g% @$ S Section 1.3. Example Multicomponent System ; Y1 }! z/ C0 b
Section 1.4. Design and Implementation Methodology
$ m0 ~" E9 e! z: f" T
9 J6 c4 _# U3 x: n& K Chapter 2. Basic concepts ( D2 u" {( S& C! z9 w
Section 2.1. Types of Hosts
2 o/ w0 y/ s: y7 s6 t. _! g3 @ Section 2.2. Types of Host/Target Development Setups
) _0 _8 a" h- x. G Section 2.3. Types of Host/Target Debug Setups u' j* A& M' J$ [
Section 2.4. Generic Architecture of an Embedded Linux System
8 P8 M' x0 W, x$ h6 Q2 x- { Section 2.5. System Startup
* u7 s/ f0 k7 v0 U! v Section 2.6. Types of Boot Configurations
}# y& Y' v2 J7 d) \3 j2 m0 Z* J Section 2.7. System Memory Layout " k% o9 I$ W. y& D1 R9 R$ {# e2 V- g* M
+ g" ^. u: o H e
Chapter 3. Hardware Support ) H" U5 C% S) D
Section 3.1. Processor Architectures " J |$ G* ^! o" N. i( E
Section 3.2. Buses and InteRFaces
1 R) N* B4 E# o& b Section 3.3. I/O
( X4 l. n% i: D Section 3.4. Storage
% K8 L( n- N) R Section 3.5. General Purpose Networking
3 ^, _7 m0 j* T0 @ Section 3.6. Industrial Grade Networking
* i, y% u. D. @" W$ D0 S Section 3.7. System Monitoring 4 [; p3 e4 `! @; g2 B
8 ?% h2 z8 F" f
Chapter 4. Development Tools . X( e0 m7 ^" L4 ?
Section 4.1. Using a Practical Project Workspace a3 o8 c& D! R$ t9 ^- V$ D
Section 4.2. GNU Cross-Platform Development Toolchain 9 S' E& n# Y8 A
Section 4.3. C Library Alternatives
; @& D) k9 D+ Q- S Section 4.4. Java $ a; G/ |! E$ A( w4 x0 I% l
Section 4.5. Perl ( s0 c3 K# G$ M& H
Section 4.6. Python ; P4 Y9 v" { u, q1 X& @& y& B7 @3 c
Section 4.7. Ada $ n9 g. Q$ Z' _5 I# ~$ j8 p) Q
Section 4.8. Other Programming Languages
) Q5 J) C& R( O% ?: [ Section 4.9. Integrated Development Environments
0 x! v0 x/ i" B2 e3 e Section 4.10. Terminal Emulators
2 T) W2 ?& u5 I3 u9 n8 q% ^
2 q6 Y7 u/ @9 d0 v/ h Chapter 5. Kernel Considerations & G6 B7 l: Y, ~
Section 5.1. Selecting a Kernel , S" V1 {" f1 ?3 T
Section 5.2. Configuring the Kernel
5 q2 t( z N- G/ z Section 5.3. Compiling the Kernel
1 ]/ `. c$ U3 V! z! s& X Section 5.4. Installing the Kernel
$ ?1 m9 J" r% _# ?1 Y, r% z Section 5.5. In the Field , {: y+ V! }) l+ B6 u
4 m* P* S" d; W* A2 v, g5 i/ D7 V% \ Chapter 6. Root Filesystem Content D" n( l8 s! V+ b) p0 u
Section 6.1. Basic Root Filesystem Structure
6 L# g0 |) H4 b$ @$ o, P Section 6.2. Libraries
5 x3 X' h( o2 O# O: ?% V- N* N ? Section 6.3. Kernel Modules
2 I. _$ W5 g4 V+ N' L Section 6.4. Kernel Images
0 Z$ |# Z1 }" E }& U1 a Section 6.5. Device Files
& K; A' z; W) [$ H Section 6.6. Main System Applications
& ~# c7 g" l& ^- y8 S: g Section 6.7. Custom Applications
' t3 ~1 h& G t3 [7 f Section 6.8. System Initialization 7 u! x2 j L/ B% q3 L
% s: g8 Q( x8 u0 M J3 m1 h
Chapter 7. Storage Device Manipulation 2 g7 b' a" ^8 l4 T, M9 g
Section 7.1. MTD-Supported Devices : Q. e( C' I. H4 |; _. O4 x) q
Section 7.2. Disk Devices 7 M _8 j* T0 Y+ g6 S) w" \# m
Section 7.3. To Swap or Not to Swap 8 T7 T+ V8 } V C9 g0 u. ^
2 l% d: i" d6 ] Chapter 8. Root Filesystem Setup - _* X, `1 F. z) d; b1 ?( ]2 c
Section 8.1. Selecting a Filesystem ! v/ l/ n( i) p7 W. V0 W3 S
Section 8.2. Using an NFS-Mounted Root Filesystem to Write a Filesystem Image to Flash 6 B j6 T3 Q/ L$ r! e+ l
Section 8.3. CRAMFS
" _0 A' H( V" ^& P Section 8.4. JFFS2
3 D' b/ l; J2 G# v7 v# X Section 8.5. Disk Filesystem over NFTL + E: F- A3 N1 d% t
Section 8.6. Disk Filesystem over RAM Disk
4 l. K4 l* k1 L7 d; D4 f$ |& M Section 8.7. Mounting Directories on TMPFS
( O, I$ [, I' F( o3 U3 X Section 8.8. Live Updates
0 V1 g2 i6 T. b6 P$ n6 r4 } ( O! Z$ X' Y2 u4 X. L
Chapter 9. Setting Up the Bootloader
1 [/ q1 @* M* o Section 9.1. Bootloaders Galore
+ R9 x6 c# d9 W" i3 s+ `8 c Section 9.2. Server Setup for Network Boot : {* @* r# g1 N* R
Section 9.3. Using LILO with Disk and CompactFlash Devices
i" @6 k! a, v; R" `! [ Section 9.4. Using GRUB with DiskOnChip Devices $ r, ]8 L( i* W- [( i7 _3 `
Section 9.5. U-Boot 3 y) w) e, t7 k% y. n4 ^9 H! d8 ~5 j
: |1 b9 M6 q, I; h% \8 ]* ? Chapter 10. Setting Up Networking Services + L& B5 f4 `/ @1 E+ @0 C7 c+ T
Section 10.1. The Internet Super-Server , ~+ D8 `# \# a
Section 10.2. Remote Administration with SNMP ( ]) }& e# Z0 u5 G6 x$ Z; O" t* V
Section 10.3. Network Login Through Telnet
( N/ v' M2 j: f! x6 d& S Section 10.4. Secure Communication with SSH
3 X2 ^4 R5 I7 x Section 10.5. Serving Web Content Through HTTP & Q0 q+ ? @$ u0 N
Section 10.6. Dynamic Configuration Through DHCP 9 T+ Q) M% |9 T$ ?: U; k# S N, @' ~
1 v' ?# Q. ? o; } Chapter 11. Debugging Tools * f. f' {' k: Y$ w$ u9 x8 m# q$ Q
Section 11.1. Debugging Applications with gdb
' m1 D3 s+ E2 f0 Y, y4 }6 B Section 11.2. Tracing
- L O* j# B9 [$ a Section 11.3. Performance Analysis
* Z& Q: z1 Y6 M/ d" S, y Section 11.4. Memory Debugging 6 U+ G6 ]4 ]# H& b: h
Section 11.5. A Word on Hardware Tools ( p/ G! \( w) s8 O* D+ o+ A
2 F& V1 Z e1 t
Appendix A. Worksheet
' ~* z0 U; B. W% ]* {0 u. Y9 e Section A.1. Project Identification
* U, z$ e' [- [2 Q5 G7 C: T Section A.2. Hardware Summary ( j s& P: K' V
Section A.3. Development Tools
9 A. p9 V$ w( ^( a; R+ h" t Section A.4. Kernel
+ L2 N! T6 a5 N, t( K% k Section A.5. Root filesystem ! n/ x; O* |: F) S; l
Section A.6. Storage Device Organization 2 Y1 S( x$ L1 b- W [% g
Section A.7. Bootloader Configuration and Use " A* x/ m1 J3 d# x9 ^
Section A.8. Networking services % y T* d' `5 V% K- c- A) A
Section A.9. Custom Project Software ( f1 o5 ~; m7 `3 f) F9 N5 }0 y
Section A.10. Debug Notes
& L; C6 N8 l6 k! e# b Section A.11. Additional Notes 0 `# D6 @/ u- a2 X9 n
Section A.12. Embedded Linux Systems Worksheet $ \7 b2 N" o5 S; g
1 g- n1 d3 ?# R8 z Appendix B. Resources
/ |. m9 j2 C D' t Section B.1. Online
# h) U2 }% {6 y$ X Section B.2. Books * k' b- f) J1 Z. Z- c$ [6 z
Section B.3. Publications
+ j8 G3 d* w. w6 ?0 M Section B.4. Organizations
6 U- P' ~6 S9 b1 g, R" P* I! T6 A Section B.5. Linux and Open-Source-Oriented Hardware Projects % w0 L, h: ~/ |7 J
8 H7 q' d( P0 Q4 \% X- A Appendix C. Important Licenses and Notices
' Y+ M ]. S! {# S1 q# n0 I Section C.1. Exclusion of User-Space Applications from Kernel's GPL 8 L/ O- w6 j# v c l
Section C.2. Notices on Binary Kernel Modules
6 R8 S/ j' W8 a q! Z" u' Q, p Section C.3. Legal Clarifications About the Kernel by Linus Torvalds |
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