标题: OFDM的仿真程序。 [打印本页] 作者: House 时间: 2020-4-20 14:40 标题: OFDM的仿真程序。 本帖最后由 House 于 2020-4-21 14:03 编辑 ) B2 T t4 n2 X8 W0 _$ ~) M; y2 T) S# o7 m, z6 L+ R+ [
OFDM的仿真程序,并且包括详细的WORD说明。有误码率和各种性能分析的做图程序。有需要的可以看看。# X/ ]9 @# u4 \3 ]
& q6 i2 k' F3 J1 E! c/ u& W8 T" v%a_run_design.m文件 2 |" U. Y0 _, s- csetup %系统设置 : S' p: K0 W# `! Q7 g. H1 {2 KQAM %QAM调制方式) z! C2 k9 {" H9 g# V4 C6 i
OFDM %OFDM调制方式 ( ]6 L8 f( h, qAnalysis %QAM和OFDM两种方式对比' ?1 [ k) J; b8 W% r9 Q: K* i
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1setup %初始化部分; w) Q' N4 }- Z5 l1 n; G% |0 M" m
% setup 4 T3 B3 A) e' G0 qdisp(' '), disp('------------------------------------------------------------') 4 E* B$ k4 s" h" Z( Tdisp('Simulation Setup')8 g3 w+ ^1 f4 U( O
) x6 Y W" N6 U/ [1 I5 Z% OFDM Setup -----------------------------------------------------------* S% J4 z1 w% H3 \: z/ L% v4 @
fft_size = 128 % should be a power of 2 for fast computation * ]) |/ I9 i0 h0 Y+ M4 q0 ~1 S$ I; g % more points = more time domain samples (smoother & more cycles) 4 T( N+ [" R/ C, _2 g( m0 ?3 Wnum_carriers = 32 % should be <= fft_size/4& c9 L' W3 g# H8 _: L, \) R
% number of carriers used for each data chunk 2 w( G5 }4 t$ t/ m# X( ]( M+ {% new var - denotes even spacing or variations of carriers among fft points; V2 O A3 c, w
input_type = 2; + [* b4 p& Z E# u* S. a: L% 1 = test input& Q3 H2 F8 Y% A, i1 V
test_input_type = 1;! @0 ^0 u+ u% O1 n5 z4 i4 n' a2 m
% 1 = bit specified (binary)9 l5 c$ Y+ |; R( ^
binary_data = [0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1]; ; E3 t% N4 ]$ L! i6 ~" w$ U5 B % 2 = random data stream (samples in the range of 0-255)5 ^) P! w7 Y* G7 ~. y' F- { t
num_symbols = 9; / _$ a- W" q A& {* d2 l: O % 3 = sinusoidal ) @# f9 o) v, `1 d" e frequency = 2;5 S0 ^9 j( U' f8 E- B
num_samples = 50; 0 b# \, D( n% v; W$ i+ Y1 X% 2 = external file input! J+ v6 b# {+ S- j3 T! K
file_name = 'shortest.wav'; % Name of input file , k+ V/ s$ _* c file_input_type = 3;6 W6 j3 G" z2 E/ T0 G& G4 O# [9 Q! p
% 1 = binary (not implemented) 5 m2 G1 {$ y" w& T* c" \5 v % 2 = text % Demo file: 'text.txt' . t ?. M( W9 p/ A. ^ % 3 = sound % Demo files: 'shortest.wav' & 'shorter.wav'0 }1 N; Z2 J( m' S1 U8 G( P8 N% V
% 4 = image (not implemented)% B w# Z% t/ K) G' V
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% QAM Setup ------------------------------------------------------------ ' j i5 Q4 b- j7 Tdo_QAM = 1; % (1=on, 0=off) 5 L) `7 U9 \& o' e; R, K \; \- FQAM_periods = 10; % defines the number of periods per QAM Symbos (1=2*pi) 0 ~3 J3 v2 R% G4 l$ v2 z7 j# N0 ]
% Channel Simulation Parameters --------------------------------------------4 W: V' a: a( q2 ^
channel_on = 1; % 1=on, 0=off 6 R7 _9 { a0 `' I4 P2 L2 xclip_level = 1.0; % 0.0 - 1.0 (0-100%) . T6 N+ |) r- M, @5 c2 X% Y % Max magnitude of the signal is 'clip_level' times the full magnitude of the signal / |4 j$ Q# a, p. Q1 I! ~noise_level = 0.0; % 0.0 - 1.0 (0-100%)+ X9 N' n3 i0 x0 t0 y1 o/ z6 ]
% Magnitude of noise is 'noise_level' times the magnitude of the signal 6 J4 a! M g) e7 L% Multipath Channel Simulation 4 n& Y4 g) H$ U2 \& x. ^3 U' U % Good defaults when fft_size = 128 and num_carriers = 32: 8 F! b4 H* c* e% x& ^/ C % d1=6; a1=0.30; d2=10; a2=0.254 v- [/ E5 G' B
d1 = 6; % delay in units o5 Q7 a0 ?( Y$ {( W8 h7 T a1 = 0.30; % attenuation factor - multipath signal is x% of size or original signal # J& A3 F$ l) x& j8 U9 Z d2 = 10; % delay for second multipath signal# x8 i9 W9 }: n3 a7 a* _
a2 = 0.25; % attenuation factor for second multipath signal: c" Y& e" M4 |/ b3 L+ h% Z
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% ****************** TEST INPUT SETUP - DO NOT MODIFY ************************** , ^% d/ t+ \& o$ Zif input_type == 1- W8 H7 y, l3 l8 n- q) \: w
if test_input_type == 1 - X6 g) j* K' @" d %specify BINARY input bit-by-bit% T* C F' D% d3 N( j
data_in = binary_data;6 V( \! P7 A- g) q6 I! ^2 j& `) p. j
end5 W+ ^% s3 i. V: _6 {' f: k
if test_input_type == 2; Q4 ?5 C8 G9 U! m4 ~+ W
%random input defined by parameters- F3 T; K$ Z# K" Y# q8 P+ I9 n
num_levels = 255; %number of possible levels of a symbol! w5 W- \1 g( y
%must be integer between 1-255 + `9 t0 b3 d! i# ? data_samples = round(rand(1,num_symbols)*(num_levels-1));0 ~' E0 M/ i; M5 A& d
data_in = zeros(1,8*length(data_samples)); ' T! `/ @4 j6 B) ~3 y& S* @ for i = 1:length(data_samples) / }4 b1 j+ h" v& j- V3 L data_in(1 + (i-1)*8: (i-1)*8 + 8) = eight2bin(data_samples(i)); 3 l! k3 ?) B/ l$ Z* b end 9 B- l/ A0 J$ O* j# S+ x end % w( `5 o" `$ D& e1 t, ^ if test_input_type == 3 3 f0 M" y% \, V; v; ~4 p; N %data stream represents sine wave samples$ i3 S5 o! S" I+ x/ N
t = linspace(0,1,num_symbols); %evenly space number of samples$ n' Z$ M" M8 w w$ Q/ L
%take 8-bit samples of sine wave ; n3 m0 _3 F5 S1 } t0 f7 f data_samples = round(127.5*sin(frequency*2*pi*t) +127.5);2 t6 b# {; i! `. P- f/ @# a
data_in = zeros(1,8*length(data_samples));- p! \8 E" y# j) l& |1 _
for i = 1:length(data_samples) . g( ?; b7 t* y c data_in(1 + (i-1)*8: (i-1)*8 + 8) = eight2bin(data_samples(i));' i H* l3 O. D2 p I: A
end 0 \8 u9 \5 v2 M/ c) i end 8 ~9 [/ w7 q0 A5 \; Uend' l5 r6 |: Y F% U3 N5 u) c9 }
2 b& n' |( e+ f3 k+ `already_made_noise = 0; % initialization (don't change)4 N8 P) L! {: x% p5 ?
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2、QAM.m. Y' D2 t2 `. r& c" W9 }0 `& \
% QAM.m compares OFDM (multicarrier) to multi-level QAM (single carrier)8 G1 R. j2 \$ L- t0 F6 F
% when they transmit the same # of bits in a given time period7 a' N! f N2 K0 X+ L7 u" T
# u( o* i u* w/ {3 o, _. B5 C* P
read % read data for QAM - does not affect OFDM % j1 ^/ {7 f; q" z5 N7 udata_in_pol = bin2pol(data_in); % Converts binary data to polar data . X, v0 e; ~! C$ y9 x3 E0 L6 d& H' W) D: Y H0 g M- Z
% check to see if num_carriers is a power of 2 ' x& p) |4 ~( `* T5 @) ]/ @* Lis_pow_2 = num_carriers; Y: k3 t/ {4 c' D6 b4 _temp_do_QAM = 0; $ H$ b- |# U. D* lif is_pow_2 ~= 2 % [# B( r2 F' H6 T8 u while temp_do_QAM == 0 . y) N3 V6 s) t5 s3 R4 q temp_do_QAM = rem(is_pow_2,2); % q; c+ q- K0 B5 A4 Y& _7 ^7 f is_pow_2 = is_pow_2/2; - S* Q% z6 L( p. X if is_pow_2 == 23 J% L1 z/ a8 o. U5 A7 ]7 U( b/ Q
temp_do_QAM = -99; % it is a power of 2 -> can do QAM ( \" h4 o/ U2 R/ A2 T- ^ end # B+ K$ ]) t6 y6 u) N$ b end 8 j: h6 x2 b4 Zelse ; u; d5 G8 T% g' A S! H temp_do_QAM = -99; % 2 is a power of 2 : L2 z! q5 `% Y9 z8 I* wend- G8 B, C# L: m; c
if temp_do_QAM ~= -99. @- s2 W5 a9 m& M* q( \8 ]
do_QAM = 0; % don't do it if it's not possible! y" h9 v, i0 ~) p- ^; L" j3 K1 z
disp(' '),disp('ERROR: Cannot run QAM because num_carriers is not valid.')0 I7 _4 [' l9 n2 \0 ]0 L, p
disp(' Please see "setup.m" for details.') 4 e- A. E8 D3 aend- y0 i5 W. n& j) q: ?7 Q
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/ S u- f* J2 Y$ Wif do_QAM == 17 [/ `/ ~. z9 I9 T
tic % Start stopwatch to calculate how long QAM simulation takes ) E! O9 U* O* {$ E8 k6 a$ J0 p # |" @: K9 c+ Q disp(' '), disp('------------------------------------------------------------')% F: P3 ~. d$ f( w2 }- A! n
disp('QAM simulation'), disp('Transmitting')2 z0 [) N4 E1 m
( N; E6 F( u9 K5 [' {; f % Pad with zeros so data can be divided evenly 7 O; ~9 A' f" |5 @) S! @ data_length = length(data_in_pol); 5 h/ J1 ]0 c* T1 V b& C r = rem(data_length,num_carriers); - D7 Q& P$ l" _/ I1 o0 U if r ~= 0 6 V4 n- U2 z6 g& v( H+ k for i = 1:num_carriers-r5 t" T% y" i5 f% ?5 v# P
data_in_pol(data_length+i) = 0; %pad input with zeros to complete last data set. R9 _) p9 k! M2 n" y
end %speed improve possible ( G' I E/ ~1 w+ |* `2 o. J end $ V" ]) `1 T3 V3 O3 W data_length = length(data_in_pol); %update after padding ( G& m. X& ^6 t/ I6 | 5 l( x2 o3 |9 ` _: @# r
num_OFDM_symbols = ceil(data_length / (2*num_carriers));) t3 ] d1 s, Z1 E- a7 @
% num QAM symbols that represent equal amount of data to one OFDM symbol 3 W3 c- l* z& W% m% l9 F; Y num_QAM_symbols = num_carriers / 2;& j8 f& T, o; x a0 c
% num samples per QAM symbol 5 i9 Q* y8 U" B& y, ?3 N( _ num_symbol_samples = fft_size / num_QAM_symbols;0 i. u2 J# c- {! q0 e
& G7 a6 @/ l- h: y, y+ A % convert polar data [-1, 1] to 4 level data [-3, -1, 1, 3] 0 D: R) u( F) F0 i _4 E& A) ] data_in_4 = zeros(1,data_length/2); ) m/ A* ]1 H$ k0 p% D- j for i = 1:2:data_length + o. ^* W# Q+ O2 ~/ I1 R4 ]2 C data_in_4(i - (i-1)/2) = data_in_pol(i)*2 + data_in_pol(i+1);/ ^1 B& k# i# C" r6 I
end$ k* a0 u: w# J# }, F3 |
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% define sample points between 0 and 2*pi # r# P j6 F" T2 H# k: @6 w/ M! a ts = linspace(0, 2*pi*QAM_periods, num_symbol_samples+1); " w2 t+ L) q( @% s - f* H: `9 T* A' D- H % Generate 16-QAM data; S+ w. S; h3 m4 l3 R0 n3 _! e' G
% total length of 16-QAM transmission 4 D: O& B3 F) _- ? tx_length = num_OFDM_symbols * num_QAM_symbols * num_symbol_samples;1 _9 R+ l* n; J. i1 S
QAM_tx_data = zeros(1,tx_length); ' ] P* M5 y3 J# T6 `3 l# g for i = 1:2:data_length/2 % Z/ z) f: ~0 {/ A" m4 a5 W } for k = 1:num_symbol_samples# C/ B$ o. \+ r+ G
QAM_tx_data(k+((i-1)/2)*num_symbol_samples) = data_in_4(i)*cos(ts(k)) + data_in_4(i+1)*sin(ts(k)); 9 _1 L( W7 ^" a. f end 4 C9 P! J& v5 K- s. ?1 K end: ^5 Q6 T+ A5 Z) m% x
* Z( O5 |5 K& s: \ % Do channel simulation on QAM data# V; J+ l8 c7 `! S) A! E
xmit = QAM_tx_data; % ch uses 'xmit' data and returns 'recv' 7 o6 a2 n0 a K2 W) R! {% E: I ch% e, {- X! |6 m8 i
QAM_rx_data = recv; % save QAM data after channel# ~ n0 G9 w( ]# o6 C b
clear recv % remove 'recv' so it won't interfere with OFDM : U7 y* S, T1 o clear xmit % remove 'xmit' so it won't interfere with OFDM# v+ x1 @ P* a- P
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disp('Receiving') % Recover Binary data (Decode QAM) 5 L) s7 e* Q# L9 x& b cos_temp = zeros(1,num_symbol_samples); % . H- K( M5 t: f4 T sin_temp = cos_temp; % ' X6 |. s( B; _ k& s) r3 y xxx = zeros(1,data_length/4); % Initialize to zeros for speed # m" L6 c4 P1 q& Q2 m# G& q yyy = xxx; %& Q* s1 [& O8 _
QAM_data_out_4 = zeros(1,data_length/2); %( e1 m% W# e+ n5 [
1 b* u. |8 C1 k6 a5 j8 q for i = 1:2:data_length/2 % "cheating"% [; o% o6 t/ k
for k = 1:num_symbol_samples9 ~/ o: N L/ J8 ?# K
% multiply by carriers to produce high frequency term and original data " ?# L |/ d3 R- R" ]: J9 u T cos_temp(k) = QAM_rx_data(k+((i-1)/2)*num_symbol_samples) * cos(ts(k)); 9 t, F: w) a, U( P3 ]$ K& g) ` sin_temp(k) = QAM_rx_data(k+((i-1)/2)*num_symbol_samples) * sin(ts(k));& @/ B/ Q3 |) h; ]
end , v% b$ }% R/ T! {( I % LPF and decide - we will do very simple LPF by averaging # o( i% { `: g& D xxx(1+(i-1)/2) = mean(cos_temp);6 C" W% k0 p8 ]; s
yyy(1+(i-1)/2) = mean(sin_temp);/ P) G- e4 K8 q4 a/ j; J$ I
% Reconstruct data in serial form 6 x, e3 ^6 q6 z/ L y( P- h QAM_data_out_4(i) = xxx(1+(i-1)/2);- |, M' m- _" M7 C) }3 x9 o! ~
QAM_data_out_4(i+1) = yyy(1+(i-1)/2); 7 {' K8 q3 ?7 x }9 g$ I end0 V8 v) p9 b& b+ K) W
4 E# |2 l% B# ` s % Make decision between [-3, -1, 1, 3]- K7 \' q. W9 M+ a! l; O" i" w$ v
for i = 1:data_length/2 + Y2 X; G/ p5 B if QAM_data_out_4(i) >= 1, QAM_data_out_4(i) = 3; 0 C' y4 l# E" Y4 h$ L- { elseif QAM_data_out_4(i) >= 0, QAM_data_out_4(i) = 1;& P5 U8 ~: |/ J% P" \. ^1 g
elseif QAM_data_out_4(i) >= -1, QAM_data_out_4(i) = -1;# {$ Q. x" d0 r* D
else QAM_data_out_4(i) = -3;* y0 T k, ^- U, p
end" a$ M8 B8 [4 h* p& [. B0 v1 ~: g
end# z; z* {$ ^9 @7 ^4 |3 C1 J/ h3 T
' n" z7 Y; n" c- O; E' ` % Convert 4 level data [-3, -1, 1, 3] back to polar data [-1, 1]( k% P4 S2 t9 |- X2 U# x+ q& M/ \
QAM_data_out_pol = zeros(1,data_length); % "cheating"/ N0 c4 t: ~* c5 g" W( G
for i = 1:2:data_length4 F( `: o6 g5 F) B0 @0 Q' B
switch QAM_data_out_4(1 + (i-1)/2); j; f% _% z, d* M5 x
case -3 - Q( D% [: `( C QAM_data_out_pol(i) = -1;; S" g$ n5 w( Y1 a3 [! S( c3 r
QAM_data_out_pol(i+1) = -1;( ~, P$ C3 t2 h
case -1 ( H1 ~; ]" R# a& D! V5 s QAM_data_out_pol(i) = -1; : W3 ]: J% V D$ X% M QAM_data_out_pol(i+1) = 1; 1 k: ~1 e6 _; D" H- Q9 | case 1* m8 ]) A5 n- g" K1 B$ k% M
QAM_data_out_pol(i) = 1; 4 K+ h" a& w; C; m8 q/ c2 @ QAM_data_out_pol(i+1) = -1;% N, ]; A1 B4 Y% h) Y
case 3 & E9 N' R b) F# F; s: _ QAM_data_out_pol(i) = 1; * K/ P0 }: H$ M& W e0 s QAM_data_out_pol(i+1) = 1;1 G- r8 I- Z+ `4 T) E7 [2 g0 v
otherwise2 U$ ^3 Y$ s, n q: F- M! ?
disp('Error detected in switch statment - This should not be happening.');, v8 [' q( X" L% V; G
end 1 [& f7 D# e# J. c end9 s$ j$ ?; g6 X5 F# }4 D, L3 V
QAM_data_out = pol2bin(QAM_data_out_pol); % convert back to binary 4 y+ j$ g1 n" g: O! ^6 K3 s # _6 l/ W1 W+ q8 { % Stop stopwatch to calculate how long QAM simulation takes 9 E5 R. b% _2 ^( Y8 a; ` QAM_simulation_time = toc; # x8 b/ z9 t0 {2 N if QAM_simulation_time > 60 ) U! G! s: V) F disp(strcat('Time for QAM simulation=', num2str(QAM_simulation_time/60), ' minutes.'));" ^9 I* r& f# o; B# N, y
else - ]( p1 l- ~( O* T disp(strcat('Time for QAM simulation=', num2str(QAM_simulation_time), ' seconds.')); ; M* R) v( r% A, u- n* F1 K( H end, q9 J' M4 U+ A; c1 K' ?
end . x7 u* n4 s) m- @: v0 o U: m5 w , B8 C5 @0 B9 S- q4 _3 % Run OFDM simulation) ]7 K$ v/ E1 [2 U; N0 s
tic % Start stopwatch to calculate how long QAM simulation takes 7 {" ]7 D- u& Adisp(' '),disp('------------------------------------------------------------') 3 o: W J0 l0 _7 X8 I+ B, X6 E6 ldisp('OFDM Simulation')" d( U. B; H1 {/ b
tx ; g. Y% d( I! y+ S4 v5 u5 Sch : G/ {2 R' s- @; {5 Urx / ^' v1 f! t) s3 p! W% Stop stopwatch to calculate how long QAM simulation takes $ o5 n* R5 [+ I2 [5 q& a3 _# N+ _6 AOFDM_simulation_time = toc;5 B" a& m7 {, y: ~8 m" R/ W% U
if OFDM_simulation_time > 601 F: X5 C( O: v$ ?! l' U" X! y
disp(strcat('Time for OFDM simulation=', num2str(OFDM_simulation_time/60), ' minutes.')); 9 M' q+ u4 V& s7 u: W4 Felse & [% E9 ?" @: V/ @$ c disp(strcat('Time for OFDM simulation=', num2str(OFDM_simulation_time), ' seconds.')); 8 J4 X9 Y* C. R% r2 }end : x) @3 E- b' r- Y6 Y" l ! q+ H( Q& v3 y# p& C6 x6 J, Y3.1发送; w; D& _$ w9 l8 e* ~
% tx 9 H0 E$ t% w0 R$ L2 j* v% Ddisp('Transmitting')$ d& O5 i8 D# |9 \7 P
read %read original data # U, C6 t% r9 `7 e& I! N' Q8 h) @data_in_pol = bin2pol(data_in); % Converts binary data to polar data" k% o- C9 n& r/ I
tx_chunk %convert polar data into chunks. 5 d" k- ]% x* V" U" ? . B0 T1 w4 t l y0 n/ V% perform ifft to create time domain waveform representing data 8 C# e! [9 R9 Y; ^; j0 Ktd_sets = zeros(num_chunks,fft_size);8 V' ?/ k x; D
for i = 1:num_chunks7 |# W3 J* F5 f# S5 B& D2 Q& a
td_sets(i,1:fft_size) = real(ifft(spaced_chunks(i,1:fft_size)));. g0 r6 q0 X% g4 _# ~
end ( h Z- ]; F) S7 H) w& M % \) C9 ]: K; _- t8 @tx_dechunk % Construct signal to transmit by placing time domain sets in series 8 ^* {& q, C5 ?3 L1 Z$ u% h- B v+ w' b: @* c
3.1.1 % tx_chunk %双极性数组转化成OFDM字符串 , O7 D) s4 r) z9 p, W* f1 ldata_length = length(data_in_pol) %number of symbols in original input & [0 C0 _8 U2 F9 l1 B) o' hnum_carriers* ?+ l6 V8 n4 U
num_chunks = ceil(data_length/(2*num_carriers)) %2 data on each carrier (real and imaginary) 7 m) `+ s6 F8 R$ N, V0 _r = rem(data_length,2*num_carriers). \. L6 `$ i- s @
if r ~= 0 7 w/ @4 H% _5 T) ]% ^% m" E, N. h for i = 1:num_carriers*2-r - Y# a5 T4 z$ G3 o: U* M data_in_pol(data_length+i) = 0; %pad input with zeros to complete last data set0 G% n1 b$ d7 a
end %speed improve possible 7 Q, J! s/ p: K5 d* Xend: z) \' E6 l- C8 N
+ S- P9 I8 F+ ]' A% z% break data into chunks; Q z% [2 E: B; @& m1 ?# L
chunks = zeros(num_chunks,num_carriers); % for speed* W1 q B4 a* {
for i = 1:num_chunks8 U* W4 n% M8 `4 I- T
% *********************chunk done ( B2 W4 L- w9 `( Z: X: }8 k$ ` for k = 1:num_carriers 3 ^- |( }# w( ~: u( [0 }7 K chunks(i,k) = data_in_pol(2*num_carriers*(i-1)+k) + data_in_pol(2*num_carriers*(i-1)+k+num_carriers)*j;$ @! P) H3 s+ t9 e; t4 k4 C6 Q1 u: d
end $ s$ j6 K! _1 N9 G+ s7 gend9 n& d2 _, p8 ^ ^
3 [! {! Y5 Q0 J4 p
chunks # V& t( r2 I: ~% Padding chunks with zeros so num_carriers and fft_size are compatible: n. T# Y7 O9 V- q4 @. |4 X- G
% Once compatible, further spacing is simplified6 G3 w4 M, i' b* K) z
num_desired_carriers = num_carriers; 8 n# W, s2 a7 L: r Hnum_zeros = 0; 1 u# z9 J& o- I- A- nthinking = 1; # R- c m+ E# d2 Iwhile thinking == 1 % Continue if num_carriers and fft_size are not compatible 4 d) T# S Y4 \/ g0 c- M: n' Q if rem(fft_size/2,num_desired_carriers) == 0 8 b" v* {4 G2 i. W thinking = 0;# C* E+ c. ^' `& Q- s
else % O' m/ ]7 d) M6 h2 l3 k: P6 R9 K num_desired_carriers = num_desired_carriers + 1; ! M8 A* k. G1 X. ]- U% |% g num_zeros = num_zeros + 1;: i5 [$ |" _' c' S
end; \% k8 U4 q* N; ?/ i# T1 h
end6 l' r/ t5 r. z6 b4 O
, [, F& Q e* G Y1 D5 wpadded_chunks = zeros(num_chunks,num_carriers + num_zeros); % for speed # Q& p7 a# Z" V+ i6 q: A N j5 Y1 j5 \padded_chunks(1:num_chunks,num_zeros + 1:num_carriers + num_zeros) = chunks; * J- V0 h7 @7 m1 C0 D ) S8 E4 k( Z% ]+ _- D( s% l/ Q( }+ A% d1 q- f, Z% O9 F
%compute zeros_between0 J' Z6 X8 W0 b/ |
zeros_between = ((fft_size/2) - (num_carriers + num_zeros))/(num_carriers + num_zeros);4 t, i. T m# t. A% X+ n% e$ S
& h% G8 k% M- [2 m
spaced_chunks = zeros(num_chunks,fft_size); % for speed - extra room for folding later" f9 `0 z- p) ]2 ~( j' e5 g
%add zeros_between 3 M' o5 k. V1 B9 {# ri = 1; ) ?8 J/ r' i: i& W3 s8 Jfor k = zeros_between +1:zeros_between +1:fft_size/2 3 t, ?/ v- g+ O" v( h3 A spaced_chunks(1:num_chunks,k) = padded_chunks(1:num_chunks,i);/ ^8 _, j! s6 ^% w: k
i = i+1;1 O5 q8 A" z1 O' o l$ X: z4 \
end , k4 C. {2 t' O. A' }1 c, C, D% G c+ A& D+ V! {9 s0 a
% folding data to produce an odd function for ifft input 7 W/ c; N' w4 { e! y: |" ?for i = 1:num_chunks: E2 `" l5 y- |5 A% w4 T
% Note: index = 1 is actually DC freq for ifft -> it does not get copied over y-axis+ m0 ~: D! l8 ^6 f: d7 f
spaced_chunks(i,fft_size:-1:fft_size/2+2) = conj(spaced_chunks(i,2:fft_size/2)); ; q. o& H. ^* [ V7 Mend& G4 d0 |/ q! A
$ A. |8 S P! O( @9 q4 x8 ]
3.1.2 tx_dechunk: k9 q0 L f* d J) n7 K
% tx_dechunk : s! q b" b6 u. H0 L4 U0 P6 f7 r
% Construct signal to transmit by placing time domain sets in series 2 R5 `2 v6 U3 Q8 |xmit = zeros(1,num_chunks*fft_size);- m) R+ N9 K, f w1 o
for i = 1:num_chunks % ], p7 K! L( y* Y, v- Y6 D# \ for k = 1:fft_size* V- J$ d( ^9 B' e& [% C4 b
xmit(k + (i-1)*fft_size) = td_sets(i,k); ! ]+ p' o. P6 n9 O4 [; n9 ]# @ end 3 V$ Y/ d) z) U7 C T: Wend+ c1 l" J. b' c9 p) M$ a7 w
9 \. t t, N+ r. I+ k# W- f2 h3.2 %ch.m ! X/ d; c7 l7 D+ N5 U% ch 3 W9 p# k0 _! v. @recv = xmit; % channel is applied to recv, don't modify transmitted data4 X5 B3 W& }. B2 j5 Y& |" x( g2 t
if channel_on == 1 7 w& _/ k! V6 g5 K disp('Simulating Channel') ' z8 ~, @" Q$ ?. Q! l6 k norm_factor = max(abs(recv)); % Normalize all data before applying - X1 H1 B: u7 o. O# v recv = (1/norm_factor) * recv; % channel for a fair comparison/ v$ j5 E' A) z a7 r& B, s0 z
ch_clipping %clipp data/ P6 C3 G3 |) |; z5 q3 F9 m( P
ch_multipath % / d) S. l5 M- @7 ~+ n; g ch_noise % 8 R1 y! e8 X, F* h8 o recv = norm_factor * recv; % Restore data magnitude for proper decoding+ w' I) _; h) p5 }8 j' n
end : x% n* t* @# f* W4 S" ^ ' M4 N! Y6 J g8 ^8 O& M, J0 ?3.2.1 %ch_clipping.m: M- j8 Q- Q$ {+ l* n+ o" B" c
% ch_clipping 2 l, J( x7 Q: w1 ]7 R0 Jfor i = 1:length(recv) : t P$ S/ G# U if recv(i) > clip_level 6 X7 B8 D1 Q8 w/ m4 N7 v M( I6 Q recv(i) = clip_level; " M! L# J8 h4 ~% z G end# I5 I! B& q% \
if recv(i) < -clip_level% c% A! V3 V+ K8 u' v( }
recv(i) = -clip_level; y: T" o+ h& ]- @7 k6 U6 d
end, f6 A8 ?1 m- `! J) Z
end' l0 m- L' w, f: R# t! }
& c8 z9 h ~5 D) t! m; F; [& A3.2.2 % ch_multipath % 产生多经的方法. W( K/ C/ C) E0 P/ S- H8 _
copy1=zeros(size(recv)); 9 t9 K4 S3 `' ifor i=1+d1: length(recv)+ {9 D" M" H6 l2 q4 Y9 [
copy1(i)=a1*recv(i-d1);8 y: t( H& q* m' g$ p1 N: c
end ) Y) D# q' x: i0 p( }copy2=zeros(size(recv)); + [ y* ?6 U: @2 P' d& l% Yfor i=1+d2: length(recv)* o/ y& C+ Q; @# n6 C( K. L& b: n
copy2(i)=a2*recv(i-d2); 6 S) v" b: R/ uend7 E' O% M% Q) X$ M" N% Z" K% p! f
recv=recv+copy1+copy2; : S$ F2 A( W' ^1 @8 I" M& H1 w* y0 J4 y* V6 t s! D4 ]) m5 _. ^
3.2.3、%ch_noise %施加信道噪声/ M: t& B4 Z4 e
% ch_noise (operate on recv)0 E& t( M# D% n6 ~% s0 c0 M- t8 e5 E
% random noise defined by noise_level amplitude8 g4 K2 [# x7 L& @' M
if already_made_noise == 0 % only generate once and use for both QAM and OFDM. y% a. i8 f5 D- \) _$ {( Z
noise = (rand(1,length(recv))-0.5)*2*noise_level;9 e& ~4 I7 {& \* w, ?8 s
already_made_noise = 1; 1 S, F v. W" ] w/ xend 9 S) l$ V( V2 s% ^( Erecv = recv + noise;4 C- r0 {% C3 b& D9 W, |! Z
8 ?9 a R( @2 w) S
3.3 %rx.m %接收程序 , B6 f" U( o8 I2 d) Q% rx 4 X! ^+ n) v/ D- q# S$ m2 Hdisp('Receiving')4 S* ], ~, U; @ L8 N! o
rx_chunk . Z6 j) f. t4 ?3 H , \# B" J- j+ ~4 R9 b5 ~/ W% perform fft to recover original data from time domain sets. o! Y) p9 L& m. t2 G2 s
recv_spaced_chunks = zeros(num_chunks,fft_size); # X" V- [3 E# D% r& D" zfor i = 1:num_chunks) ]2 e2 R+ z0 v% _
recv_spaced_chunks(i,1: fft_size) = fft(recv_td_sets(i,1: fft_size));- ? s& ^1 a# V
% Note: 'round()' gets rid of small numerical error in Matlab but a threshold will be needed for a practical system `- z8 i3 j6 `: F7 A0 k
% 2001-4-17 -- Got rid of 'round()' to do decoding more intelligently ! ^* o4 T* d, q R2 q. ^end0 L% W: e0 u1 g' A; @2 ?5 r
rx_dechunk % ~3 Y h/ b" w8 G7 x/ g/ p0 Xoutput = pol2bin(output); % Converts polar to binary' ?& J0 B: D5 ?( o. n3 `
write& E% v1 ~, C. }
( D' Y* q7 d" @1 ?) w3.3.1 %rx_chunk.m1 u$ g4 g. N6 {0 d3 [" e$ y& l
% rx_chunk$ f* X' |8 T, W+ l$ Q7 n7 Z
% break received signal into parellel sets for demodulation ( d! V: B1 L' t# |0 l/ }" Grecv_td_sets = zeros(num_chunks,fft_size); V9 W* Y% g# K; W3 y
for i = 1:num_chunks, c5 z) t1 b- I6 F2 k) S3 q
for k = 1: fft_size: d) h6 w! R2 F8 G
recv_td_sets(i,k) = recv(k + (i-1)*fft_size);: M6 D; i6 Z: H
end( C+ K% N& ?. w' \6 b! c6 y
end ' e4 [- Q% K1 J, U# s" g 7 A9 q0 s! }. {% q3.3.2 % rx_dechunk %并串转换 ' B8 q0 F5 l. n, P6 u" {% rx_dechunk1 e S1 @( k9 ?# L) J% F
% take out zeros_between from recv_spaced_chunks --> recv_padded_chunks \* n0 X: X2 z8 Z# Jrecv_padded_chunks = zeros(num_chunks, num_carriers+num_zeros); # [. [$ ?! o! n' C' {& k# yi = 1; - C; u% W" Q% N, [4 n# c/ ^' g3 Mfor k = zeros_between +1:zeros_between +1:fft_size/2! O3 P& B" I( {. X% R
recv_padded_chunks(1:num_chunks,i) = recv_spaced_chunks(1:num_chunks,k); * P4 V, c* I6 L+ z+ m6 {4 ?* N i = i+1;' F' H; l1 u o) R
end1 l1 {* v4 q7 P7 ^; [8 G8 L
# e' ^" ^# y. X
% take out num_zeros from padded chunks --> recv_chunks5 I; J e- C& b9 C( @
recv_chunks = zeros(num_chunks, num_carriers);5 H2 X0 ~. ]* B% f
recv_chunks = recv_padded_chunks(1:num_chunks, num_zeros+1:num_carriers+num_zeros);0 r# @, P+ U7 w6 _3 o [9 _
8 z0 ]8 X# Z; ]* D% Recover bit stream by placing reconstructed frequency domain data in series7 b% N$ B w) f8 O& l) N3 c2 W
recv_dechunked = zeros(1, num_chunks*num_carriers); + B4 ^0 y0 B& U4 c% d9 Q+ _/ rfor i = 1:num_chunks 0 n; |; J! {( l; E! J' Q for k = 1:num_carriers# L; m( B/ }! ~" y6 @9 y
recv_dechunked(k + (i-1)*num_carriers*2) = real(recv_chunks(i,k));. ?3 w% }6 O7 [" \
recv_dechunked(k + (i-1)*num_carriers*2 + num_carriers) = imag(recv_chunks(i,k)); 5 o8 I4 K' `2 T' Z _ end & H1 R4 b2 Z; {6 l; j. B2 cend W" i) |5 x( o3 u( ~5 V% h5 v7 n' O# [5 a& z2 d% V
% take out trailing zeros from output --> output 8 Z' L5 ?8 `! U8 [output_analog = recv_dechunked(1:data_length);, e& Z+ {# I* C1 q- |1 ?2 _
output = sign(output_analog);! A4 _3 V, M& Y) z3 i0 z F* Q
W8 ^( ]1 \) b, R6 H
3.3.3 %write %save received data & ], g! H" D6 W; b+ ~% write 6 j; F" L; h9 A ~( [* Q- `% ******************TEST OUTPUT********************************* # _4 J# [3 ?/ k4 qif input_type == 1 ! z3 L0 r. p3 X' f) z# w7 E# S' V if test_input_type == 1; g; t! \% f- m
%already binary - do nothing5 v" V5 C3 Q- e# I X6 v
end9 m2 M2 J" n! {' w: C
4 f" d! v& f* q2 r6 s
if (test_input_type == 2) | (test_input_type == 3) 4 O- A$ F% ] n( G; h: ~+ g %random input OR sine wave samples9 S9 ^! P2 H6 o8 i' g0 `+ M* z
output_samples = zeros(1,floor(length(output)/8)); %extra zeros are not original data $ Y: Q" Z2 d: U9 f: C for i = 1:length(output_samples)) G) }* B& b6 [. ?4 C; Q2 W
output_samples(i) = bin2eight(output(1 + (i-1)*8: (i-1)*8 + 8));9 N1 n" x, \. v- Y9 T
end/ [6 l: {, w! x' v( p S8 z
if do_QAM == 1 " J# e, {1 K: F QAM_output_samples = zeros(1,floor(length(QAM_data_out)/8)); , X- F6 V0 y; X7 U2 J6 A; Y for i = 1:length(QAM_output_samples) & z/ N" } i) ~9 Q QAM_output_samples(i) = bin2eight(QAM_data_out(1 + (i-1)*8: (i-1)*8 + 8)); 8 N* I8 C" p/ y* p end C0 @+ H3 [( |/ G( H: [$ v
end1 `2 n" }, [' \# P( V" ]
end 9 E0 R2 U5 L" l+ X. r5 N1 H" n: N% Wend & P3 L8 w% g5 X. E$ D/ ?$ ~ ' q- T! s8 O6 R. J) v- N- H% ******************FILE OUTPUT********************************* 8 U8 c, P4 X6 d* f" yif input_type == 22 K; B- p% _8 g* h3 Z' `) Q" a
' q, S1 `, A a. d if file_input_type == 1* g- u6 C4 N7 \: w& {: i4 f6 P
%binary file output - not implemented2 p- `. P# O! {3 }) y# _
end' b! u2 B6 O& k$ v! H
& N: P0 F/ f9 l# Q
if file_input_type == 2 ; j0 a" p9 h5 Q& E6 g' t %text file output# F& [5 H4 v. @8 J N
output_samples = zeros(1,floor(length(output)/8)); %extra zeros are not original data; \( Z) z$ ]# ^1 j/ Y1 a
for i = 1:length(output_samples)% ~& j7 e5 E8 F$ F
output_samples(i) = bin2eight(output(1 + (i-1)*8: (i-1)*8 + 8));+ l- P' P1 T+ t8 R ^8 ?% \
end, D1 N1 P; G8 y: ?5 J+ H6 s
file = fopen('OFDM_text_out.txt','wt+'); & J& M* M( s" q7 V; j$ A2 E" A fwrite(file,output_samples,'char'); 8 A% P% v$ _- S' i3 L0 {9 `$ d4 ^ fclose(file); Q4 W4 C5 p$ t% j7 z
( F* `2 M( h! [* J
if do_QAM == 1 ' N, w. O2 F# h/ d+ ~* z7 ~3 e %extra zeros are not original data 1 n' R' Z! D% @6 k# s; x2 Q u QAM_output_samples = zeros(1,floor(length(QAM_data_out)/8)); ( V: w+ ]. ~% E0 g1 ?/ Y X! F) y & a7 d6 e# H& [3 a' q
for i = 1:length(QAM_output_samples) 8 H Y, }- T1 V u& q QAM_output_samples(i) = bin2eight(QAM_data_out(1 + (i-1)*8: (i-1)*8 + 8));/ a" C5 [2 M# c) x+ e f$ \
end6 j( z- i" L, `: n7 h8 p6 L
file = fopen('QAM_text_out.txt','wt+');; ~% H% l$ V$ U; Z( H8 R
fwrite(file,QAM_output_samples,'char');0 L) d6 G0 e+ @% _2 r P
fclose(file); 3 C w6 x' j% g& M. r end _+ N* f; j: c8 }
end 7 s5 A `+ {. k) _+ l! J * i- ~ v( Q6 y) s4 B( \( Z$ y2 A if file_input_type == 3 ' y {% p6 d# i3 Z output_samples_big = zeros(1,floor(length(output)/8)); %extra zeros are not original data , W) T, |. Q- G5 ~, i for i = 1:length(output_samples_big) " E6 @8 S5 W, `3 W" }+ g8 a T output_samples_big(i) = bin2eight(output(1 + (i-1)*8: (i-1)*8 + 8));- A; L5 |6 C1 c9 v* q+ Z* V
end+ S, l; w" k P+ A
%convert dynamic range from 0:255 to -1:18 q0 L, F R" @5 v
output_samples = (output_samples_big-127)/128; ) ?# Z! g1 H& O* P: B- I( q %sound file output& M2 r2 l5 z6 {" {
wavwrite(output_samples, 11025, 8, 'OFDM_out.wav')3 Y$ ~! L- d' m% t9 F
if do_QAM == 1& h t! l+ U1 j* u# J+ h$ L0 ?
QAM_data_out_big = zeros(1,floor(length(QAM_data_out)/8)); ' c6 {1 u6 d0 } w# u) T for i = 1:length(QAM_data_out_big)/ s6 f0 F0 ^7 U4 Q7 ^
QAM_data_out_big(i) = bin2eight(QAM_data_out(1 + (i-1)*8: (i-1)*8 + 8)); * Q5 t5 g/ O0 e2 D- T3 F# u end ; B9 n% _, M5 c# H %convert dynamic range from 0:255 to -1: 1& D9 e+ Q5 n) |
QAM_output_samples = (QAM_data_out_big-127)/128; 8 g3 C Y! x+ e* j0 X- ]8 h %sound file output9 c; Q }5 u0 s3 J' m* a8 X3 r/ Q- j! p
wavwrite(QAM_output_samples, 11025, 8, 'QAM_out.wav') ' p1 M0 r: M6 V end) V" @( e1 G/ i( P( E, q& x( I
end 2 V$ n/ R3 |0 b9 L( W + T( [: s2 G3 f
if file_input_type == 4 8 y7 f$ _$ \9 l% `7 P6 U6 ] %image file output - not implemented 7 g% h* |& ?( p% G# X8 T. D5 T end3 Q' U, j$ d ~) ?/ w! J* O1 m8 G
end g! z7 s/ t+ ~, d* G r6 p
( P, _8 C6 V2 X1 N/ Z, |/ i% Display text file before and after modulation5 U, W4 c& V# |; r/ p6 W5 N, G
if (input_type == 2) & (file_input_type == 2)- J8 O. E# ? H( D+ c; I! n
original_text_file = char(data_samples') 7 y, w7 p9 I# R% H/ e if do_QAM ==1 & I- ]" w/ \1 t ?6 T5 a" G! X% E edit QAM_text_out.txt6 f) S6 A. a& v* U( W% V9 `! i
end % } u; i. r# _' L: M edit OFDM_text_out.txt1 c0 T& O: a M* o" \0 i3 v
end 7 c3 N# V: U1 N6 L x8 @7 B( ]8 @! M: X$ x1 g" ? C
% Listen to sounds% K9 i8 c6 m. H2 z* _) O! c7 d# _
if (input_type == 2) & (file_input_type == 3) $ m, j4 ~. O( d- e) O0 Y. j do_again = '1';' s& U7 M& J- J: {4 E3 g
while ( ~(isempty(do_again)) ), d* C7 K. V3 u( f, ~
disp(' ')0 y# o( C: B$ a4 i" c1 T0 Q3 P1 C
disp('Press any key to hear the original sound'), pause 6 Y! [3 T n, h) R sound(data_samples,11025) z5 L5 b. T) P) y4 I L disp('Press any key to hear the sound after OFDM transmission'), pause4 L; N8 H6 H7 B. q0 K% V; |! E' g
sound(output_samples,11025) $ r; N2 o, o! S8 s0 o1 K if do_QAM == 1" d' C) N- K" q# |2 M) o- O
disp('Press any key to hear the sound after QAM transmission'), pause8 @7 o [ b* X: A6 n
sound(QAM_output_samples,11025)8 w R* e F5 C9 U1 A' }5 m9 b
end * `3 S/ [( \4 {, `" ? do_again = '';; B% G" w. I4 t% }5 N3 \8 H: t
do_again = input('Enter "1" to hear the sounds again or press "Return" to end ', 's'); ( `8 k6 w3 }* {$ f end 3 Y9 n ~$ Z B+ s! ^, @+ Q* Jend 6 n6 a- c9 f) u3 [: k' ~ / e: P0 L, G7 O, C$ n# q. j3 Y! S8 _" Q1 ~: X+ u 作者: YNhhU 时间: 2020-4-20 16:03
有详细的WORD说明最好了,怕我看不懂。作者: xuzwg 时间: 2020-4-21 13:55
看看楼主分享的OFDM的仿真程序。